Table of Contents
SECTION10.1FUNDAMENTALSOFREGULATORS
Introduction
History
PhysicalPrinciples
BasicRegulatorElements
RestrictingElement
LoadingElement
WeightLoaded
SpringLoaded
PressureLoaded
SensingElement
RegulatorControlMethods
Self-OperatedRegulators
ExternalandInternalSensingLine
Constant-PressureLoading
VelocityBoosting
Pilot-OperatedRegulators
Single-PathControl
Two-PathControl
ControlValveswithInstrument-TypeRelayPilot
Controllers
ProportionalAction
Proportional-Plus-ResetAction
Positioners
Boosters
PerformanceCharacteristics
IdealPerformance
ActualPerformance
Diaphragm-AreaCharge
SpringEffects
InletPressure
Hysteresis
BodyConfiguration
Valve-PlugForces
PipingConfiguration
Shutoff
RegulatorTypes
Appliance
Service
Industrial
Field
Distribution
ControlValves
ValveStyles
GlobeValves
RotaryValves
SlideValves
ExpandableElastomericElement
Actuators
Diaphragm
Piston
Electric
RegulatorCapacityandSizing
SizingFactors
ServiceConditions
RatedCapacity
MaximumCapacity
Rangeability
ValveCharacteristic
SizingMethods
CapacityTables
PerformanceCurves
FlowFormulas
SECTION10.2PRESSUREREGULATIONANDFLOWCONTROL
Introduction
ApplicationandInstallationConsiderationsfor
Service,Industrial,FieldandHighCapacity
Regulators
RegulatorSizingandAllowablePressureDrop
FlowCharacteristicsofControlValvesand
Regulators
RegulatorCapacities
BlockValves
ControlandSupplyLines
PressureDropandItsEffectonInternalandExternal
Freezing
Noise
PulsationandVibration
Pulsation
Vibration
ParallelRegulatorsforContinuityofService
ApplicationService
ProductionandFieldGasRegulation
TransmissionPipelinetoPipelinePressureControl
TapLineRegulators
MainLineRegulators
TownBorderStationRegulators
SmallLoads-0-15MCFH
MediumLoads-15-1000MCFH
LargeLoads-Over1000MCFH
IndustrialStationRegulators
DistributionRegulators
DomesticServiceRegulators
OverPressureProtectionandPressureLimiting
DirectSpringLoadedReliefValves
PilotLoadedReliefValves
MonitorRegulators
ShutOffValves
RuptureDisc
UnderPressureProtection
ShutOffValves
OtherControlApplications
BackPressureControl
FlowControl
SECTION10.3NOISEABATEMENTATGASMEASUREMENTAND
CONTROLSTATIONS
Definitions
SoundandNoise
FrequencyinHertz
Intensity-Decibels-SoundPressure-SoundPower
Microbar
SourceofNoise
MeasurementofNoise
NoiseCodesandStandard
EngineeringControlMeasures
AdministrativeControls
PersonalProtectiveEquipment
NoiseAbatement
NoiseSourceAbatement
MultipleStateValves
LabyrinthDiscs
MultiplePathValves
QuietValves
PlatesandDiffusers
SilencerorAcousticalFilter
SoundBarriers
Conclusions
GeneralConsiderationsintheDesignofRegulator
Stations
RegulatorStationDesign
Bibliography Abstract
Gives information regarding the fundamentals of gas regulators, their function, control, operation and maintenance. One section is devoted to noise abatement at measurement and control stations.
