AGA XQ0112:2001
AGA XQ0112:2001 Coriolis Flow Measurement For Natural Gas Applications Provides a basic understanding of the Coriolis meter operation and its application in natural gas flow measurement.
Table of Contents
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS1.INTRODUCTION
1.1.TASKGROUPSCOPE
1.2.ENGINEERINGTECHNICALNOTESCOPE
2.PRINCIPLEOFOPERATION
2.1.INTRODUCTION
2.2.THEORYOFCORIOLISFLOWMEASUREMENT
2.3.METERCONSTRUCTION
2.3.1.General
2.3.2.Sensor
2.3.3.SecondaryContainment
2.3.4.Transmitter
3.TECHNICALCONSIDERATIONS
3.1.CORIOLISMETERSELECTIONCRITERIA
3.1.1.Applic
3.1.2.SizingConsiderations
3.1.2.1.PressureLoss
3.1.2.2.Velocity
3.1.2.3.MeterErrorvs.FlowRate
3.1.2.4.ZeroStability
3.1.2.5.TemperatureandPressure
Compensation
3.1.2.6.TurndownRatio
3.1.2.7.VibrationEffectsists
3.2.CONVERSIONOFMASSFLOWRATETOVOLUMETRICFLOW
RATEATBASE(REFERENCESTANDARD)CONDITIONS
3.3.INSTALLATIONSREQUIREMENTS
3.3.1.Mounting
3.3.2.Orientation
3.3.3.Fluidswirlandflowprofileeffects
3.3.4.Effectsofcontaminants,suchas
compressoroil,liquids,andfreemists
3.3.5.Vibrationandfluidpulsation
3.4.OPERATIONANDMAINTENANCECONSIDERATIONS
3.4.1.CommonFieldChecks
3.4.1.1.Meterzero
3.4.1.2.Sensorchecks
3.4.1.3.Secondaryelement(transmitter)
3.4.1.4.Densitychecks
4.UNCERTAINTYANALYSISANDMETERERROR
4.1.UNCERTAINTYANALYSIS
4.2.FLOWMETERBASEERROR
4.3.ZEROSTABILITYVALUE
5.CALIBRATION
5.1.FACTORYCALIBRATION
5.2.LIQUIDCALIBRATIONSFORNATURALGASAPPLICATIONS
5.3.BIDIRECTIONALCALIBRATION
6.RECOMMENDATIONS
6.1.INDUSTRY
6.2.USERS
6.2.1.FIELDPERFORMANCETESTDATASHEET
TESTDATA
6.3.MANUFACTURERS
6.4.RESEARCHER
APPENDICES
APPENDIXA
FUTURETESTPLANS
A.1.PHASEIBASELINETESTING
A.1.1.Conditions
A.1.2.Flowrates:
A.1.3.TestParameters:
A.2.PHASEII
A.3.PHASEIII
APPENDIXB
REFERENCELITERATURE
APPENDIXC
DEFINITIONS
APPENDIXD
FLOWATSTANDARDCONDITIONS
NON-IDEALGASLAW(EQUATIONOFSTATE)
RELATIONSHIPOFACTUALVOLUMETRICFLOWRATEANDBASE
(REFERENCEORSTANDARD)
VOLUMETRICFLOWRATE
SUMMARY
APPENDIXE
GEOMETRICCONFIGURATIONS
APPENDIXF
INFORMATIONOFINTERESTTOUSERS
FLOWMETER
TRANSMITTER
OPTIONS
APPENDIXG
FLUIDPULSATIONANDVIBRATION
APPENDIXH
UNCERTAINTYANALYSISFORSTRAIGHTTUBE-RADIAL-MODE
CORIOLISMETERSONNATURALGAS
H1.INTRODUCTION
H2.FLOWTESTSYSTEM
H3.RADIALMODESENSOROPERATINGTHEORY
H3.1.Radial-ModeSignals
H3.2.MeterSensitivityCompensation
H4.METERBASEERRORUNCERTAINTY
H4.1.TheStandardUncertainty
H4.2.Covariance
H4.3.SensitivityCoefficients
H5.STRAIGHTTUBECORIOLISMETEROPERATINGEQUATION
H5.1.DataAcquisitionofSignals
H5.2.ReferenceForceSystem
H5.3.SourcesofError
H5.3.1.Vc
H5.3.2.Vzo
H5.3.3.Vref
H5.3.4
H5.3.5.Ttf
H5.3.6.Tst
H5.3.7.Fm
H5.3.8.Fc
H5.3.9.Fgc
H5.3.10.bm
H5.3.11.bc
H6.METERCALIBRATION
H6.1.CalibrationFacilityandFlowingConditions
H6.2.MetersandDataPoints
H6.3.CalculatedStandardUncertainty,uc
H7.EXPANDEDBASEERRORUNCERTAINTY,U
H8.METERZEROSTABILITY
H9.TOTALMETERERROR
APPENDIXI
UNCERTAINTYANALYSISFORCURVEDTUBEMETERS
I1.INTRODUCTION
I1.1.CurvedTubeCoriolisOperatingEquation
I1.2.FlowCalibrationFactor
I1.3.Phase-Shift
I1.4.TemperatureEffect
I1.5.PressureEffect
I1.6.SensitivityCoefficients
I1.7.TotalUncertainty
I1.8.ZeroEffects
I1.9.ZeroEffects-Temperature
APPENDIXJ
CALIBRATIONDATA-LIQUIDCALIBRATIONSFORNATURAL
GASAPPLICATIONS
FORMFORPROPOSALSONENGINEERINGTECHNICALNOTE